What is Lutenizing Hormone (LH)?
Lutenizing hormone (LH) is a hormone that is vital for reproduction. It is produced by your pituitary gland. LH helps regulate your menstrual cycle and ovulation. A rise in LH (called the LH surge) triggers ovulation.


Why Would You Have LH Checked?
LH can be used to determine when you are ovulating. This information can help you plan intercourse if you are trying to become pregnant.

You will probably have your LH checked if you are having trouble becoming pregnant. It gives information about your ovarian reserve. If you are not ovulating, your LH levels can help determine if it is a primary failure (failure of the ovaries themselves) or secondary failure (failure of the ovaries related to problems with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus). It can also be used to monitor your response to ovarian stimulation.

 

Hormones Evolution Graph


When to START Testing?
Urine-based OPKs test your urine for an increase (surge) in luteinising hormone (LH). This happens one day to two days before ovulation.

A small amount of LH is always present in your blood and urine. But in the days before ovulation, the amount increases by about two to five times. The 12 hours to 36 hours between the beginning of the LH surge and the moment when your egg is released is the most fertile part of your cycle. This is when you are most likely to conceive. Your fertile period is usually the length of your usual cycle minus 17 days. So, if you have a 28-day cycle, start testing on day 11.

The length of the menstrual cycle is the number of days from the first day of menstrual bleeding to the day before bleeding begins on the next period. Determine the usual length of the menstrual cycle over the last few months. Then, refer to the Ovulation Calendar Cycle Chart below to determine on which day of the menstrual cycle to begin testing.

Testing Procedures:
To begin testing, open and remove the LH test strip (OPK) from the sealed pouch. 


Carefully place the LH test strip (OPK) vertically into the urine container for 10 seconds and lay the strip flat on a clean, dry, non-absorbent surface.
** IMPORTANT **: DO NOT exceed the line indicated by the arrows - MAX Line.

Wait for colored bands to appear. Depending on the concentration of LH in the test specimen, positive results may be observed in as soon as 40 seconds. However, to confirm negative results, the complete reaction time of 10 minutes is required. DO NOT read the result after 10 minutes.

In determining a positive or negative result, it is important to compare the color intensity (i.e. shade of color, lightness or darkness of color, of the test band to the control band.) as it will indicate whether or not the LH surge (indicating ovulation) is in progress. 


Interpretation of Result:




Positive: If the test band is of equal or greater intensity (equal or darker) than the control band, this is a positive result and a good indication that the LH surge is occurring.

Negative: If the test band is of lesser intensity (lighter) than the control band or cannot be seen, this means the LH level of the sample is at or near its basal (normal) level and that the LH surge is not in progress.

Invalid Result: If no control band appears within ten minutes, the test result is invalid and should be ignored. The control band will not appear if an insufficient volume of specimen is added into the test strip. Proper procedures may not have been followed in performing the test. Repeat with a new test strip.


When to STOP Testing?
Unless otherwise specified by a doctor, stop testing once the LH surge is detected. 6-10 days of testing may be needed to detect the LH surge, though additional testing may be required, depends on individual.


The LH Surge, Ovulation and Pregnancy:
A pregnancy begins with conception. A child is conceived when the male sperm successfully fertilizes the female egg. Successful fertilization is most likely during a 24 hour period 1-3 days following the LH surge. Since this ovulation "window" only opens once per month, and for only about 24 hours, being able to predict fertility it is very helpful when trying to become pregnant. Therefore, you should have intercourse during the 1-3 day period following the LH surge to increase chances of conception.


What is Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the developing placenta shortly after fertilization. The appearance of hCG soon after conception and its subsequent rise in concentration during early gestational growth make it an excellent marker for the early detection of pregnancy.


Testing Procedures:
To begin testing, open and remove the hCG test strip (HPT) from the sealed pouch. First morning urine (FMU) usually contains the highest concentration of hCG and is therefore the best sample when performing the urine test. However, randomly collected urine specimens may be used.

Holding the strip vertically, carefully dip it into the specimen (you may collect your urine in a clean, dry container). Immerse the strip into the urine sample with the arrow end pointing towards the urine. Do not immerse past the MAX Line. Take the strip out after 10 seconds and lay the strip flat on a clean, dry, non-absorbent surface.In rare instances when dye does not enter the result area, dip the tip of the test strip in the urine as instructed above until the dye begins traveling across the white result area.


Wait for colored bands to appear. Depending on the concentration of hCG in the test specimen, positive results may be observed in as little as 40 seconds. However, to confirm negative results, the complete reaction time of 5 minutes is required. It is important that the background is clear before the result is read. Do not read results after the specified reaction time. 


Interpretation of Result:


Positive: Distinct color bands appear on the control and test regions. Presence of both test line and control line indicate that you are PREGNANT. The color intensity of the test bands may vary since different stages of pregnancy have different concentrations of HCG hormone. A positive test line will appear directly below the control line on the same test surface (or 'result window' area). Any line or accumulation of color/dye that appears at the juncture between test components should not be mistaken for "test line" (this is only the source of the test reagent & dye).

Negative: Only one color band appears on the control region. No apparent band on the test region. This indicates that no pregnancy has been detected. 

Invalid: No visible band at all. The control band will not appear if an insufficient volume of specimen is added into the test kit. Proper procedures may not have been followed in performing the test. Repeat with a new test kit. Please consult above instructions and follow precisely.


             




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